Method of and apparatus for manufacturing hollow glassware



METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW GLASSWARE G. E. Row

May 12, 1936.

Filed Dec. 15. 1934 II'II 25 U I In ven for:

M'tness:

Q a 34w Attorneys Patented May 12, 1936 v 1 2,040,783

UNITED STATES PATENT OFF-ICE METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR MANU- FACTURING HOLLOW GLASSWARE George E. Rowe, Wethersfield, Conn., assignor to Hartford-Empire Company, Hartford, Conn., a

corporation of Delaware Application December 15, 1934, Serial No. 757,595 4 Claims. (01. 49--9)' This invention relates generally to the manuparison mold conforms in cross sectional conflgfacture of hollow articles of glassware, such as uration with the moldcavity and is disposed in I bottles and the like, from charges that have been centered relation to the mold cavity, i. e., with its produced by an associate feeder, and more parlongitudinal axis coincident with the longitudinal 5 ticularly to the manufacture of such charges axis of themold cavity. Consequently, the space 5 into the articles desired in such manner and by between the descending glass displacing plung such means as to obviate so called settle blow and the adjacent walls of the mold cavity has waves or counterblow waves? in the walls of approximately the' same width at all points the body portions of the articles produced. around the plunger and in the same plane. The

In Patent No. 1,945,985, granted Feb. 6, 1934, crest or upper surface of the upwardly displaced 10 to the Hartford-Empire Co. as assignee of Arthur annulus of glass thus will be at approximately-the Edgar Smith, and in Patent No. 1,945,983, granted same level in the mold cavity when the glass disto the same company as assignee of the presplacing descending stroke of the plunger has been ent applicant, there are disclosed methods of and completed.

l5 apparatus for manufacturing bottles and other I have discovered that, in themanufacture of 5 articles of glassware which will be practically free bottles or similar glass articles of greater transfrom the objectionable .settle blow waves or verse dimension in one direction than in a direccounterblow waves above referred to. tion at right angles thereto, the "settle blow According to the disclosures of these patents, waves or counterblow waves in the walls of v an annular portion of a glass charge in an invertsuch article may be obviated and a better and 20 'ed parison mold is displaced upwardly in the mold more uniform distribution of glass throughout cavity nearly to the-upper end of that cavity by the walls of the bottom portion of the article also the use of a plunger which is thrust downwardly may be effected by pro ding for greater resist: into the glass in the mold promptly after the deance to upward displacement of glass in the side.

livery of the glass to the mold cavity. 'Subseportions of, the space in which upward displace- 25 quently, the plunger referred to is withdrawn, ment of glass is to be eflected than in the end leaving an axial cavity in the bottom portion of portions of such space. When a plunger is used the glass in the inverted parison mold, which cavto effect upward displacement of glass substanity persists until it is obliterated by the applicatially in the manner that is disclosed in the aforetion of counterblowing air pressure to an internal said patents, the desired differential between the 30 portion of the glass in the mold. Thereafter, the resistances to upward displacement of glass in steps of forming the counterblowing parison into the aforesaid different portions of the space surthe desired'article of hollow glassware may follow rounding the plunger in the mold cavity may be any suitable known or preferred practice. efiected by employing a glass displacing plunger According to the method of the Smith patent, that is suitably shaped and dimensioned so that 3 the plunger above referred to serves both to com- 'the side portions of the space between the plunger pact glass of the charge in theneck ring or neck and the adjacent walls of the mold cavity will finish portion of the inverted parison mold and to be narrower than the end portions of such space. displace glass upwardly in an annulus about the In other words, the difference between the minor v 40 plunger at the upper end of the mold cavity. In or lesser transverse dimension of such a plunger 40 the method of my aforesaid Patent 1,945,983, air and the minor transverse dimension of the mold under. pressure maybe admitted to the upper end cavity is less than thedifference between the of the inverted parison mold in timed relation major transverse dimension of the plunger and with the operation of the descending plunger so the corresponding transverse dimension of the that the compacting of the glass in the neck pormold cavity. The ratio of these differences may 45 tion: of the-mold. may be effected mainly by air be predetermined according to different service. pressure, or by airpressure and plunger action requirements and/ or according to different shapes jointly, while the upward displacement 'ofthe of bottles or other articles that are to be manuannulus of glass in the upper portion of the 'infactured. 1 verted mold is effected mainly by the action or For further understanding of the invention and 50 the desc d p of advantages thereof in the manufacture of a According to the inventions of the disclosures typical article of hollow glassware, reference may or bother the aforesaid patents, the descending be had to the accompanying drawing,in which: plunger by which an annulus of glass is displaced Figure 1 is a plan view of an inverted parison "upwardly in the upper portion of an inverted mold having a cavity of a shape appropriate for 55 use in forming a hollow parison that is suitable for subsequent expansion to form a bottle having a body of generally oblong cross-sectional configuration. I

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section through such mold and through a suitably shaped overlying guide funnel, showing in the mold cavity a charge of glass that has been delivered thereto;

Fig. 3 is a view'simiiar to Fig. 2 but showing the mold after the funnel has been removed and after a glass displacing plunger of the present invention has been thrust downwardly into the glass in the 'mold, the view also showing a fragmentary portion of suitable operating mechanism for centering the plunger in the mold cavity and for supplying air pressure to the surface of the glass in the mold cavity;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through the mold and through the glass and the plunger therein, the view being taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is a longitudinalvertical sectional view similar to Fig. 3 but in a plane substantially at right angles therewith, the view being substantially along the line 5-5 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view through the parison mold after it has been reverted and after counterblowing of the'glass in the mold has been eifected;

, Fig. '7 is a view showing the counterblown glass" parison in a final blow mold, before the glass has been blown to final form;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 7 but showing the article that has been produced by the blowing of the counterblown parison to final form in the blow mold; and

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the article that has been produced, in this case a bottle having a body of generally oblong cross-sectional configuration.

In carrying out the method which includes the steps indicated by the views of the accompanying drawing, a charge of glass from any suitable source of supply, as from an associate feeder, not

shown, may be delivered through the funnel In,

Fig. 2, to the cavity of the inverted parison mold ll. As shown to advantage in Figs. 1 and 4, the cavity of this mold is of generally oblong shape in cross section, the horizontal distance between the side walls "-8 thereof being substantially less than the distance between the end walls l|-e thereof. A plunger I! of appropriate shape and dimensions for use in the mold cavity in the performance of the invention, has a shape in cross section generally like that of the cavity of the inverted mold, but is of reduced transverse dimension in the portion thereof that is disposed between the walls ll-e of the mold cavity. In other words, I make or cut away portions of the plunger until its major transverse dimension is less than it would be if it were truly of the same shape in cross section as the mold cavity.

The means for mounting the plunger l2 may 'be substantially as shown in my aforesaid Patent 1,945,983 and may include a telescopic casing including an outer tubular member l3 having at its lower end a flange l3a adapted to engage with an upstanding central boss H on the inverted parison mold. An internal tubular member l5 carries the stem of the plunger l2 and is slidable in the outer tubular member l3. -A spring IS, a fragmentary portion of which is shown, may be interposed between a portion (not shown) of the relatively movable telescopic plunger-carrying member l5 and the flange l3-a of the outer tubular member l3 so that the plunger may remain in its raised position above the glass in the mold cavity until the flanged lower end portion of the outer tubular member I3 has been moved downward into seating engagement with the inverted parison mold and centers the plunger mounting on such mold. Provision may be made for applying air under pressure through the plunger and its mounting to the space above the glass in the mold cavity, for use in conjunction with the plunger movement substantially as disclosed in Patent No. 1,945,983. I have not illustrated and shall not describe herein details of a complete mechanism for mounting and operating the plunger as such a mechanism is fully disclosed in my aforesaid Patent No. 1,945,983, to which reference may be had, or such mechanism may be of any suitable or preferred construction.

As shown in Figs. 3 and 5, the downward movement of the plunger has displaced upwardly an annulus of glass I I between the immersed portion of the plunger and the adjacent walls of the mold cavity. "Because of the greater resistance to upward displacement of glass at the sides of the plunger as compared with the resistance between the ends of the bottom portion of the cavity of the inverted mold and the adjacent portions of the plunger, the upper surface 'of the annulus of glass will follow a curve which has valleys l8 at the sides of the bottom portion of the mold cavity and crowns or relatively raised portions ii! at the ends of the bottom portion of the cavity of the inverted mold.

When the plunger I! has been withdrawn from the glass leaving an axial cavity 20 therein, the crowns and valleys at the rim of the annulus of displaced glass will persist. Thereafter, counterblowing pressure is applied to an internal portion of the glass at the opposite end of the mold, as to the aperture 2| that has been provided by. the retirement of a neck pin 22.

.The cavity 20 will be obliterated as a result of the counterblowing pressure, the glass in the bottom portion of the mold cavity being expanded against a parison mold bottom plate 26.

The distribution of the glass in the bottom portion of the resultant hollow or counterblown parison 23, Fig. 6, will be such that the hollow parison is well adapted for further expansion in a final blow mold to the article of the final shape desired. After the formation of the counterblown parison 23 in the parison mold H which may be effected either before or after the reversion of the parison mold, such parison may be transferred in any suitable known way and by any suitable known means to an appropriate final blow mold 24 and blown therein to produce an article 25, Figs.'8 and 9, of the final shape desired.

The invention may be employed to advantage in the manufacture of feeder-fed charges into bottles or like articles of rectangular, elliptical, oval, or other generally similar shape in crosssection.v For convenience of expression, the word oblong is used in the appended claims as generic to all of such shapes. The details of apparatus for and methods of carrying out the inven-' tion may be varied according to different service requirements at different times and according to specific difi'erences in the shapes of the articles to be producedat different times.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for producing a glass parison comprising an inverted parison mold adapted to receive a'charge of molten glass of insuflicient mass completely to fill the cavity of said mold, aplunger movable from a position above the mold downwardly into the glass in the mold axially of the mold cavity, the portion of the plunger immersed in the glass during the downward movement of the plunger and the adjacent portions of the mold cavity being of sizes and shapes predetermined'with relation to one another so that the plunger is spaced from the walls of the mold cavity at all places around the plunger by a space that is of diilerent widths at dlflerent places around the plunger.

2. Apparatus, for producing a parison for a bottle or like glass article having a body generally oblong shape in cross sectional configuration, comprising an inverted parison mold having a cavity of oblong shape in cross' section adja- .cent to its upper end, said cavity being adapted to receive a charge of molten glass, and a plunger movable from above downwardly into the glass in the mold cavity axially of said cavity to displace glass of the charge upwardly between the plunger and the walls of a previously'unfilled portion of the mold cavity, the portion of said plunger immersed in the glass'during its downward movement being of generally oblong shape in cross sectional configuration and having transverse major and minor dimensions selected with relation to the major and minor transverse dimensions of the mold cavity so that the space for upward displacementioi glass between the plunger and the walls of the mold cavity is wider between the wider portions of the plunger and mold cavity than between the narrower portions of the plunger and mold cavity.

"3. The method of producing a parison for a bottle or like article which comprises the steps of receiving a charge oi. molten glass in the cavity of an inverted parison mold, causing upward displacement of glass of the charge along the walls of a previously unfilled portion of the mold cavity to difierent levels at diflerent places around the wall of the mold cavity while at the same time producing a depression within the confines of the upwardly displaced glass in the mold, and coun-' terblowing the glass in the'mold cavity to effect obliteration of the depression within the up wardly displaced glass and to produce a counterblown hollow parison that is adapted for further expansion into the article desired.

4. The method of producing a parison for a bottle or like glass article having a body of generally oblong shape in cross sectional configuration, which comprises the steps of receiving a charge of molten glass in an inverted mold having a glass receiving cavity of generally oblong shape in cross sectional configuration, causing upward displacement of glass of the charge along walls of a previously unfilled portion of the inverted mold cavity to a higher levellat the ends of said generally oblong cross section of: the mold cavity than at the sides thereof while at the same time producing a depression within the confines of the upwardly displaced glass, and counterblowing the glass in the mold to obliterate the depression within the confines of the upwardly displaced glass and to expand the glass in the mold internally against a baille at the bottom end of the parison mold.

GEORGE E. ROWE. 

